White Ibis integument color during the breeding season

نویسندگان

  • Julie A. Heath
  • Peter C. Frederick
چکیده

Many birds undergo bare part color changes during the breeding season. Most investigators have focused on color as a signal of individual quality. An alternative, but not exclusive, function of bare part color may be signaling readiness to breed, especially in colonial, asynchronous breeders. White Ibises (Eudocimus albus) are colonial waterbirds that show vivid bare part colors on their bills and legs during reproduction. We quantified bill and leg colors to describe color changes and their possible relationship to reproductive status during the breeding season of White Ibises in the Florida Everglades from 1998 to 2001. We also examined the correlation between bare part colors and circulating concentrations of sex steroids to understand the factors that regulate bare part colors. During the display stage, male and female ibises developed dark pink bills and scarlet legs. As the breeding season progressed, bills and legs faded and developed a muted pink hue. The bare part colors of female ibises were correlated with testosterone concentrations, but those of male ibises were not correlated with any hormones. A discriminant function analysis based on principal component scores (representing variation in saturation and hue) and the amount of black on the bill successfully classified ibis reproductive stage 94% of the time. The use of bare part colors to determine reproductive status may be useful for studying reproduction in colonially nesting birds, where access to breeding sites can be difficult and potential for researcher disturbance is high. SINOPSIS. Color del integumento en Eudocinus albus durante la época de reproducción Muchas aves experimentan cambios en la coloración de sus partes desnudas durante la época de reproducción. Muchos investigadores han enfocado el asunto como una señal de la calidad de los individuos. Una alternativa, aunque no exclusiva, es que la función del cambio en coloración puede ser una señal para indicar, que se está listo para reproducirse, particularmente en aves coloniales que anidan asincrónicamente. Cuantificamos el color del pico y las patas del ibis, Eudocimus albus, para determinar si los colores en la partes desnudas correlacionaban con niveles de esteroides sexuales y si los cambios en coloración podı́an ser utilizados para clasificar el estado reproductivo de aves capturadas lejos de sus nidos. Durante la fase de cortejo, tanto el macho como la hembra de ibis desarrollan una coloración rosada en el pico y escarlata en las patas. Con el progreso de la época de reproducción, la coloración se hace más pálida y cambia a rosado tenue. Las partes desnudas de las hembras presentaron una correlación con los niveles de testosterona, pero los cambios en los machos no correlacionaron para ninguna hormona. Una análisis de función discriminativa y la cantidad de negro en el pico permitieron clasificar la etapa reproductiva de los aves,correctamente, en el 94% de las veces. El uso de la coloración en partes desnudas de aves para determinar su estado reproductivo, pudiera ser de utilidad para estudiar la reproducción de especies coloniales en donde los lugares de reproducción sean de dif́ıcil acceso o en donde la potencialidad de disturbio por parte del investigador sea muy grande.

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تاریخ انتشار 2006